Entrepreneurship Education for Generation Z: Evaluating the Inside-Out Character Framework Using Structural Equation Modeling

Abstract

Entrepreneurship education for Generation Z is often hampered because students tend to hide in their "comfort zone" and are afraid to make decisions due to a lack of strong inner character. This study aims to overhaul this learning method using the "Inside-Out" approach and the "Seven Undhira Characters" framework, which is likened to building a house, to transform students' passive nature into active professional skills. Through data analysis from 219 respondents, this study found an interesting fact: innate character is the most important foundation in the educational ecosystem. The application of this character has been shown to significantly influence the learning environment and entrepreneurial motivation. Uniquely, good learning facilities or atmosphere did not significantly impact motivation. This confirms that for Gen Z, entrepreneurial motivation stems purely from internal (intrinsic) drive and cannot be forced solely by external facilities. Nevertheless, the learning environment remains important because it acts as a bridge that can significantly improve student learning outcomes. In conclusion, helping Gen Z break out of their comfort zone requires two key steps: building character from within (especially Integrity and Self-Confidence) to foster the "will" to act, and providing a professional learning environment to provide a "path" to competence. This character framework has proven successful in transforming students' mindsets from initially avoiding challenges to becoming more courageous in solving problems independently